- Spencer Low
Japanese words of Portuguese origin
Although the Japanese were more deeply familiar with the Dutch language (Western knowledge was called 蘭学 rangaku or "Dutch studies"), the Portuguese language also had a significant impact as it was the first European tongue to be heard in Japan. Here's a list of common words still in use today that tries to exclude the many terms specifically related to Christianity, which was introduced by Portuguese:

バッテラ battera: a type of pressed mackerel sushi that looks like a boat, from the old Portuguese bateira (barco in modern Portuguese)
びろうど birōdo: velvet, from veludo
ボタン botan: button, from botão
チョッキ chokki: waistcoat, from jaque
フラスコ furasuko: laboratory flask, from frasco
飛竜頭 hiryūzu: deep-fried tofu mixed with thinly sliced vegetables, name used in western Japan's Kansai dialect, from filhos meaning sons
イギリス igirisu: the United Kingdom, from inglês
インフェルノ inferuno: inferno, hell, from inferno
じょうろ jouro: watering can, from either jorro (jet, spurt) or jarro (jug)
じゅばん juban: undershirt worn under a kimono, singlet, from gibão meaning short jacket, doublet
かぼちゃ (南瓜) kabocha: pumpkin, from Camboja meaning Cambodia, where the Portuguese sourced the vegetable to import into Japan
カッパ kappa: raincoat, from capa
カステラ kasutera: popular type of sponge cake, from (pão de) Castela
コエンドロ koendoro: coriander, cilantro, from coentro
コップ koppu: glass, tumbler, from copo
マルメロ marumero: quince, from marmelo
ミイラ (木乃伊) mīra: (embalmed) mummy, from mirra meaning myrrh, used in embalming
オランダ (阿蘭陀) oranda: The Netherlands, Holland, from Holanda
オルガン orugan: organ (musical instrument), from órgão
パン pan: bread, from pão
サボテン (仙人掌) saboten: cactus, from sabão meaning soap – I'm sure there's a good story here
サラサ (更紗) sarasa: calico, chintz, from saraça
シャボン shabon: soap, from sabão
たばこ tabako: tobacco, from tabaco
てんぷら (天麩羅) tenpura: tempura, from tempero meaning seasoning, condiment
ザボン zabon: pomelo, shaddock, from zamboa
Note the fact that an inordinate number of these loanwords have to do with food!